[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"knowledge-5e326bd13b139466":3},{"id":4,"slug":5,"category":6,"categoryLabel":7,"title":8,"summary":9,"coverUrl":10,"publishDate":11,"shareUser":12,"rank":16,"lastSyncedAt":17,"contentHtml":18,"images":19,"sourceUrl":71},"6a33b3d2759fbb61a0536fa0","5e326bd13b139466","fun","奇趣","躲开老板隐蔽手机！这里是2019年最好玩的10个科技动图","你最中意哪一款？","https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773265759-0-6ff35d1c.jpg","2020-01-17T17:29:15.365031+08:00",{"name":13,"label":14,"text":15},"木岚云岚北晴","木岚云岚北晴分享","来自木岚云岚北晴分享",2,"2026-08-23T01:15:57.317Z","\n                    \n\n                    \n\n                    \n                    \n                    \u003Csection style=\"box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;\">\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">有些科学发现拓展了人类对世界的认识，有些孕育了实用的新技术，而也有一些单是看看画面就能获得很多乐趣。过去一年里，又有哪些令人眼前一亮的科技视频\u002F动图诞生？一起来回顾一下吧。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 6px;padding-bottom: 6px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"padding-top: 6px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(237, 242, 238);box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"margin-right: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;margin-left: 6px;background-color: rgb(62, 104, 75);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> “凭空浮现” \u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"gif\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773265798-1-fc8bf836.gif\">\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">动图经过加速 | Brett E. Kelly et al\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">这是一种3D打印新技术。光束照射在旋转的圆筒上，原本液态的树脂材料在局部发生固化，\u003Cstrong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">我们会看到一个打印零件仿佛“凭空浮现”一般诞生，整个过程只需要几分钟时间\u003C\u002Fstrong>[1]。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">这种技术借鉴的CT断层扫描的思路，它不再需要一层层叠加打印材料，因此提高了打印速度，同时还可以得到表面更加平滑的元件。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 6px;padding-bottom: 6px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"padding-top: 6px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(237, 242, 238);box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"margin-right: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;margin-left: 6px;background-color: rgb(62, 104, 75);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> 岩浆喷发 \u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"gif\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773265864-2-64011d7e.gif\">\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">岩浆喷发实验 | Ingo Sonder et al\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">这是一场货真价实的岩浆喷发，只不过它被缩小到了米级的尺度上。方形容器里装着热气腾腾的新鲜岩浆，容器侧面的管道会向其中注入冷水。接下来，灼热的岩浆、蒸汽和水滴就一齐冲向了设置在上方的摄像机。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cstrong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">这是火山学家的一次模拟实验，他们希望了解水与岩浆的接触在哪些条件下会引发危险的爆炸式反应\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">——这种情况被称为“射气岩浆喷发”（phreatomagmatic eruptions）[2]。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 6px;padding-bottom: 6px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"padding-top: 6px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(237, 242, 238);box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"margin-right: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;margin-left: 6px;background-color: rgb(62, 104, 75);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> 蜜蜂划水 \u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">当蜜蜂不小心掉落到一池水中时，它们会拍动翅膀划水，在水面上制造出不对称的波浪，以此为动力把自己推到岸边逃脱。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"gif\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773265949-3-f1d6bc7a.gif\">\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">图这是一段慢动作 | Chris Roha & Morteza Ghariba\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">这是两位工程师无意中的发现，他们利用高速摄影对蜜蜂的划水动作进行了详细的记录，还把分析结果写成论文发表在了《美国国家科学院院刊》上[3]。这种有趣的行为也给工程师带来了新的灵感，两位论文作者已经开始着手设计小机器人，让它们也用同样的方式在水面上移动。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 6px;padding-bottom: 6px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"padding-top: 6px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(237, 242, 238);box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"margin-right: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;margin-left: 6px;background-color: rgb(62, 104, 75);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> 泡泡雪花球 \u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"gif\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773265984-4-ce7991c8.gif\">\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">寒冷环境中肥皂泡的“雪花球”式冻结 | Farzad Ahmadi et al\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">在冬季非常寒冷的户外吹一个泡泡，它会以非常美丽的方式冻结：\u003Cstrong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">冰晶在泡泡膜上漂荡，仿佛摇动了雪花球一般\u003C\u002Fstrong>。类似的动图其实已经在网上流行了好几年，不过今年科学家终于站出来进行了解释，并把它写成论文发表在了《自然-通讯》上[4]。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">研究者指出，驱动小冰晶在肥皂泡表面移动的是不平衡的表面张力。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">冰晶首先在肥皂泡的底部产生，而结冰的相变伴随着放热，这会让肥皂泡局部稍微升温，温度变化进而造成了表面张力差异，小冰晶就随着液膜一起动了起来。\u003Cstrong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">这种美丽的冻结方式需要周围环境和与肥皂泡接触的表面温度都远低于肥皂泡溶液的冰点（在研究中是-18℃~-20℃）。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 6px;padding-bottom: 6px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"padding-top: 6px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(237, 242, 238);box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"margin-right: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;margin-left: 6px;background-color: rgb(62, 104, 75);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> 黑中之黑 \u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cstrong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">世上最黑的材料又有了新纪录。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">今年9月，麻省理工学院的研究者搞出了一种新型的超黑材料，这一次它吸收入射光线的比例达到了99.995%，比起之前的超黑材料Vantablack又黑了一个数量级。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cstrong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">不过，真正引起我注意的其实是：研究者与一位艺术家（Diemut Strebe）合作，用超黑材料做了一个艺术作品\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">[5]。这件作品名叫“虚荣的救赎”（The Redemption of Vanity），它的内容就是：将一颗16.78克拉的黄钻（据说价值200万美元）表面用碳纳米管材料完全覆盖，让它从璀璨闪亮变成了漆黑一片……\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">下面就是处理前后的对比图：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"gif\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773266016-5-d44d5acf.gif\">\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">比背景更黑还行 | Diemut Strebe\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 6px;padding-bottom: 6px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"padding-top: 6px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(237, 242, 238);box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"margin-right: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;margin-left: 6px;background-color: rgb(62, 104, 75);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> 小虫起跳 \u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"gif\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773266037-6-35f85c47.gif\">\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">这是一段慢动作。为详细研究这些小虫，研究者动用了20000 fps的高速摄影 | G. M. Farley et al\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">不用腿也可以擅长跳跃。\u003Cstrong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">图中的小家伙是一只癭蚊幼虫，它可以把自己软软的小身体弹到空中，跳出相当于自身体长36倍的距离，腾空速度最高可达每秒1.27米。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">这是怎么做到的？研究者发现，幼虫们会利用尼龙搭扣般的微结构把自己固定成一个圈，并且在身体的尾端蓄积液压[6]。不过我喜欢这张动图的原因是——它长得好像一个飞行的小虾仁啊……\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 6px;padding-bottom: 6px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"padding-top: 6px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(237, 242, 238);box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"margin-right: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;margin-left: 6px;background-color: rgb(62, 104, 75);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> 超音速香槟 \u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"gif\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773266098-7-7012a971.gif\">\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">高速摄影下打开香槟的瞬间，这里香槟是室温的（20℃） | Gérard Liger-Belair et al\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cstrong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">在开香槟的瞬间，快速喷出的高压气体也可以达到超音速，研究者还从观察到了一种名叫“马赫盘”（Mach disks）的冲击波现象\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">[7]\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">，这种现象在喷气式飞机、火箭喷出超音速尾气时也会出现。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"jpeg\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773266124-8-87455889.jpg\">\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">图中白色箭头标出了马赫盘出现的位置，数字代表时间，单位是微秒 | Gérard Liger-Belair et al\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">和战斗机不同的是，打开香槟产生的马赫盘持续时间非常短暂，毕竟瓶子内外不足以长时间维持足够高的压强差。马赫盘大约出现在瓶塞顶开后的580微秒，在1毫秒之内就消失不见了。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 6px;padding-bottom: 6px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"padding-top: 6px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(237, 242, 238);box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"margin-right: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;margin-left: 6px;background-color: rgb(62, 104, 75);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> 自动上浮 \u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"gif\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773266172-9-107bb41c.gif\">\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">按在水里也能浮起来的金属片结构 | Matt Mann\u002FUniversity of Rochester\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">来自罗彻斯特大学的研究者制造了一种有趣的金属结构：它看起来似乎只是两片中间留有空隙的金属片，\u003Cstrong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">但和普通金属片不同的是，即使被完全按进水中，它依然能自动漂浮到水面上\u003C\u002Fstrong>。哪怕在中间戳上几个洞，它依然不会下沉。而这种特性得益于金属片内侧表面的超疏水性能，以及它们之间存住的空气。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">研究者们利用激光“蚀刻”金属表面，留下微结构，实现了卓越的疏水性能。在超疏水处理的金属表面上，水滴可以像小球一样弹起来，看起来也非常赏心悦目：\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"gif\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773266198-10-ac124cd5.gif\">\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">疏水表面弹跳的水滴 | Matt Mann\u002FUniversity of Rochester\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">最后，再来欣赏两个今年最令我难忘的科技视频吧。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 6px;padding-bottom: 6px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"padding-top: 6px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(237, 242, 238);box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"margin-right: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;margin-left: 6px;background-color: rgb(62, 104, 75);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> 大嗓门 \u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">今年最令耳朵难忘的新发现：目前已知音量最大的鸟叫声。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">注意：不要把音量调得太大 | JeffreyPodos & MarioCohn-Haft\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cstrong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">这些如警报般吵闹的叫声是雄性白钟伞鸟（\u003Cem style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">Procnias albus\u003C\u002Fem>）发出的求偶声，在距离1米远处音量峰值可达125分贝\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">，它们所带来的声压是过去纪录保持者尖声伞鸟（\u003Cem style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">Lipaugus vociferans\u003C\u002Fem>）的大约三倍[8]。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 6px;padding-bottom: 6px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"padding-top: 6px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(237, 242, 238);box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"margin-right: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;margin-left: 6px;background-color: rgb(62, 104, 75);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> AI捉迷藏 \u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">2019年依然是人工智能蓬勃发展的一年，在人类研究者的调教之下，它们做了很多有趣的事情——例如玩捉迷藏。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">OpenAI\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 2;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cstrong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">今年9月，人工智能研究组织OpenAI发布了一段非常有趣的AI捉迷藏演示视频。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">研究者们将多个人工智能体分成两组，让它们进行了4亿多个回合的捉迷藏训练。视频中的每个小人背后都是一个不同的AI，蓝色的一组负责“藏”，红色的一组负责“捉”。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(88, 89, 89);box-sizing: border-box;\">除了基本规则和胜负得分，研究者并没有给AI其他提示。而在这种多智能体训练中，AI逐渐学会了各种复杂的行动策略。例如 “藏”的一组合作用方块工具堵住出入口，把对手挡在外面；而“捉”的一组则学会了利用三角工具越过围墙；“藏”的一组又学会了先把三角工具藏起来，不让对方使用。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"flex: 0 1 auto;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection opera-tn-ra-cell=\"_$.pages:0.layers:0.comps:57.col1\" style=\"padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">参考文献\u003Cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"display: inline-block;width: 100%;height: 240px;vertical-align: top;overflow-y: auto;box-sizing: border-box;-webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;\">\u003Csection style=\"overflow-x: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Csection style=\"text-align: justify;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(204, 204, 204);font-size: 12px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;\">[1] http:\u002F\u002Fscience.sciencemag.org\u002Fcontent\u002Fearly\u002F2019\u002F01\u002F30\u002Fscience.aau7114\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cbr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: left;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">[2] https:\u002F\u002Fagupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002Fepdf\u002F10.1029\u002F2018JB015682\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: left;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">[3] https:\u002F\u002Fwww.pnas.org\u002Fcontent\u002Fearly\u002F2019\u002F11\u002F12\u002F1908857116\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: left;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">[4] https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nature.com\u002Farticles\u002Fs41467-019-10021-6\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: left;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">[5] https:\u002F\u002Fwww.the-redemption-of-vanity.com\u002F\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: left;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">[6] https:\u002F\u002Fjeb.biologists.org\u002Fcontent\u002F222\u002F15\u002Fjeb201129\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: left;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">[7] https:\u002F\u002Fadvances.sciencemag.org\u002Fcontent\u002F5\u002F9\u002Feaav5528\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: left;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">[8] https:\u002F\u002Fpubs.acs.org\u002Fdoi\u002F10.1021\u002Facsami.9b15540\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: left;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">[9] https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedirect.com\u002Fscience\u002Farticle\u002Fpii\u002FS096098221931190X\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: left;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">[10] https:\u002F\u002Fopenai.com\u002Fblog\u002Femergent-tool-use\u002F\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"line-height: 1.4;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#585959;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">作者：窗敲雨\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"color:#585959;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: border-box;\">编辑：李小葵\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"jpeg\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Ffoxfom.com\u002Fimages\u002Ffun\u002F20260618\u002F2019-10-1781773266213-11-35773b8a.jpg\">\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003C\u002Fsection>\u003Csection style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u003Csection style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u003Cimg class=\"raw-image\" data-type=\"png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;\" 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